The aim of this paper is to analyze contemporary crisis situations unfolding within the context of the Mediterranean Sea. This region faces a range of challenges, including illegal immigration, terrorism, human and commodity trafficking, as well as threats to security and freedom of navigation from third-party countries. The purpose of this study is to uncover the complexity of these challenges and explore how the European Union and NATO are addressing them. Central to this discussion are the activities of the European Border and Coast Guard Agency (Frontex) and NATO, which play a pivotal role in responding to these challenges. By examining their active maritime operations in the Mediterranean Sea, their roles in preserving security and stability within the region will be showcased. Particular emphasis will be placed on the role of the Republic of Croatia and its maritime forces within these operations. Through an overview of the participation of the Croatian Navy and Maritime Police in maritime operations, their contributions and engagement in managing crisis situations will be investigated. Confronting crisis situations in the Mediterranean Sea necessitates a comprehensive approach and collaboration among different states and international organizations. This study will explore the mechanisms and strategies employed by the EU and NATO to collectively respond to these challenges. Through an examination of Croatia's role and its maritime forces, a better understanding of the Republic of Croatia's contribution to the stability and security of the Mediterranean will be gained, along with identifying potential steps for enhancing future preparedness and actions in crisis situations.